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3.10 String Formatting

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Format Specification

  • A format specification inside of a replacement field allows a value's formatting in the string to be customized
    • a variable with the integer value 4 can be output as a floating-point number (4.0) or with leading zeros (004).

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Referencing format() values correctly

  • The colon : in the replacement field separates the "what" on the left from the "how" on the right.
    • side may be omitted (inferred positional replacement)
    • a number (positional replacement)
    • a name (named replacement)

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Alternative string formatting

  • A formatted string literal or f-string is a string literal that is prefixed with 'f' or 'F'. These strings may contain replacement fields, which are expressions delimited by curly braces {}. While other string literals always have a constant value, formatted strings are really expressions evaluated at run time.

  • print(f'Amount: ${dollars:.2f}')

    Ex: Amount: $1.25